Testing & Quality
Peptide Counterions: TFA vs Acetate and Why It Matters
Every basic peptide arrives as a salt. Why trifluoroacetate is the default, what exchange achieves, and how the counterion distorts concentration.
Testing & Quality
How peptides are tested: HPLC, mass spectrometry, endotoxin testing and how to read a certificate of analysis.
Testing & Quality
How to Verify Sermorelin Identity From Its Data
Sermorelin is a 29-residue fragment that is easy to misidentify. The checks that distinguish it from its analogues using certificate data alone.
Testing & Quality
Custom Peptide Synthesis: What to Specify
A custom peptide order is a specification, not a request. Which parameters to state, which sequences are difficult, and what the quotation leaves out.
Testing & Quality
How to Read a Peptide Certificate of Analysis
A certificate of analysis reports purity, identity and content. What each number means, what it does not cover, and which omissions matter most.
Testing & Quality
Peptide Vials: Sizes, Glass Types, Stoppers and Fill
Peptide vial sizes explained: 2, 3, 5 and 10 mL vials, Type I glass, stoppers and coring, headspace, and how vial size limits reconstitution volume.
Testing & Quality
Tirzepatide Powder: Appearance, Colour and Quality Tests
What lyophilized tirzepatide powder and solution should look like, what colour changes mean, and how identity, purity and content are tested.
Testing & Quality
What Are Lyophilized Peptides? Freeze-Drying Explained
Lyophilized peptides are freeze-dried powders made for stability. How freeze-drying works, what the powder contains, net content and reading the COA.
Testing & Quality
GHK-Cu Powder: Why It Is Blue and How to Check Quality
Why GHK-Cu powder and solutions are blue, what colour changes mean, how copper content and purity are tested, and how to store and dissolve the powder.