Research Reviews
TB-500 Science: What PubMed Says on Inflammation and Immunity
The anti-inflammatory and immune literature behind TB-500 is mostly about full thymosin beta-4 and its Ac-SDKP fragment. What each study used and found.
Immune research
Thymic peptides, host defence peptides and the melanocortin-derived fragments, together with the immune models they have been studied in. These articles state the readout each study used — a cytokine panel, a histological score, a bacterial count — because those are not interchangeable measures of the same thing, and a result that transfers between two of them is a finding rather than an assumption.
Research Reviews
Glutathione and Inflammation: Thiol Signalling in Immune Cells
How glutathione enters inflammatory signalling: S-glutathionylation of IKK-beta, GSTP and GSTO1 in macrophages, and the airway models behind the claims.
Comparisons
GLOW vs KLOW: One Added Component, Four Questions
KLOW is GLOW with KPV added. What that fourth component contributes, and why a four-part blend is harder to interpret than a three-part one.
Comparisons
Thymosin Alpha-1 vs Beta-4 and the 17-23 Fragment
Thymosin alpha-1 and beta-4 are unrelated peptides that share only a historical name. How they differ, and how TB-500's 17-23 fragment relates to beta-4.
Research Reviews
Thymosin Alpha-1 Research: An Unusual Evidence Base
Thymosin alpha-1 has decades of clinical literature and approvals in some countries, which makes its evidence base atypical for a research peptide.
Peptide Profiles
What Is Thymosin Alpha-1? Peptide Profile
Thymosin alpha-1 is a 28-amino-acid acetylated peptide from thymosin fraction 5, studied for immune modulation and approved as a medicine in some countries.
Peptide Profiles
What Is KPV Peptide? The α-MSH Tripeptide Explained
KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is the C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-MSH. Its structure, PepT1 transport, NF-κB findings in cell and mouse colitis models, and lab handling.