Peptide Profiles
What Is P21 (P021)? A CNTF-Derived Peptide Mimetic
P21, also written P021, is a small peptide mimetic derived from ciliary neurotrophic factor. What the published models examined and what they did not.
Research methods and evidence
How evidence in this field is produced and where it is weak: model choice, reporting standards, what a preprint is worth, and why an absence of published work is a statement about a search rather than about the compound.
Comparisons
NAC vs Glutathione: Precursor Amino Acid or Finished Tripeptide
NAC is an acetylated cysteine; glutathione is the tripeptide cells build from cysteine. How their chemistry, uptake and research questions differ.
Comparisons
Glutamine vs Glutathione: Precursor and Product
Glutamine is a single amino acid; glutathione is a tripeptide built from three. One feeds the synthesis of the other. Where the names mislead.
Research Reviews
Dihexa Mechanism of Action: What Survives the Retraction
The HGF/c-Met mechanism for Dihexa comes from a paper retracted in 2025. What independent work still supports, and how to read the rest.
Research Reviews
BPC-157 Human Trials: What Has Actually Been Published
A systematic review found three human BPC-157 studies totalling 30 participants, all rated very low certainty. What they were and what they support.
Research Reviews
SS-31 Kidney Research: Where the Literature Concentrates
The renal literature is the densest part of SS-31 research, spanning cisplatin injury, diabetic nephropathy and ageing glomeruli. A review.
Peptide Profiles
What Is PNC-27? The p53-Penetratin Peptide
PNC-27 is a chimeric peptide joining a p53 fragment to penetratin, studied for binding membrane-associated HDM-2 and causing pore formation in cancer cells.