Comparisons
Orexin A vs Orexin B: One Precursor, Two Reagents
Orexin A has two disulfide bridges and engages both receptors; orexin B has none and prefers OX2R. Why that makes them different reagents.
BEHIND THE ARTICLES
Jesse Brooks
Areas of expertise: Peptide lead discovery & screening, structural modification & stability optimization, pharmacodynamics & mechanism of action
Published articles
Comparisons
NAD+, MOTS-c and 5-Amino-1MQ: Three Different Levers
A cofactor, a mitochondrially encoded peptide and an enzyme inhibitor. Why no co-administration literature exists and what a blend arm can show.
Comparisons
Mod GRF 1-29 vs CJC-1295: What the Names Mean
Mod GRF 1-29 and CJC-1295 without DAC usually name the same molecule. The DAC version is a different compound. How to tell from the report.
Comparisons
Kisspeptin-10 vs Kisspeptin-54: Same Ending, Different Peptide
Both forms share the C-terminal region the receptor reads, so why is the longer one more potent in vivo? Duration, not receptor affinity.
Comparisons
GHK-Cu vs Copper Tripeptide-1: The Same Molecule
Copper tripeptide-1 is the cosmetic ingredient name for GHK-Cu. Why the same compound has two names, and which other copper peptides differ.
Research Reviews
Cagrilintide Research: Receptor Balance and Structure
Cagrilintide acts across calcitonin and amylin receptors rather than selecting one. The structural work, the balance question and the salt form.
Testing & Quality
BPC-157 vs BPC-159: Verifying Which One You Have
BPC-159 has no published literature. Several BPC-157 name variants circulate, and only the sequence and observed mass settle which is in a vial.
Comparisons
ARA-290 vs BPC-157: Receptor Known, Receptor Unknown
ARA-290 was designed to hit one receptor and avoid another. BPC-157 has no identified receptor but published pharmacokinetics. A comparison.
Comparisons
AICAR vs MOTS-c: Direct Activator or Signalling Peptide
AICAR mimics AMP and activates AMPK directly. MOTS-c is AMPK-linked but has no identified receptor. Two very different kinds of evidence.
Research Reviews
5-Amino-1MQ Structure, CAS and Mechanism of Action
5-Amino-1MQ is a permanently charged quinolinium cation that inhibits NNMT. Why the charge, the salt form and the CAS number all matter.
Lab Handling
SS-31 Reconstitution, Sequence and the N-Acetyl Question
SS-31 is a cationic four-residue peptide with an unnatural amino acid. How to reconstitute it, and why the terminal form on the label matters.
Peptide Profiles
LL-37 Peptide Sequence: Why It Is Called LL-37
LL-37 is named for two leucines and 37 residues. The cathelicidin origin, the helical amphipathic structure and what that means for handling.